CBSE 10th Science Case Study Questions: Class 10 is one of the most important stages in a student’s school life. Now it's not just about memorising facts — it’s about understanding and applying concepts in real-life situations. That’s why the Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) has been updating its exam pattern to focus more on real understanding and has introduced the Case Study Questions in almost every subject. CBSE Class 10 Science Case Study Questions often combine text-based scenarios, graphs, or data with multiple sub-questions to test how well students can use concepts in real-life situations instead of just memorising concepts and formulas. For the 2026 CBSE Class 10 Science exam, Case Study Questions will continue to be an important part of the paper because they check analytical thinking and problem-solving skills. This article explains what Class 10 Science Case Study Questions are, their format, examples, and how to prepare for them. It will help you understand concepts better, study smartly, and feel more confident during the exams.
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What are CBSE Class 10 Science Case Study Questions?
CBSE Class 10 Science Case Study Questions aren’t just about theory or concepts. They aim to bridge the gap between classroom learning and real-life applications. As CBSE continues to focus on competency-based assessments, these types of questions are expected to become even more important in future exams.
Case Study Questions are a type of competency-based question designed to test a student’s ability to:
- Apply Science concepts in real-life situations
- Analyse the given information or data
- Solve problems based on application and reasoning
Instead of direct numerical problems, these questions come with a short passage, situation, or case, followed by 3-4 objective or subjective questions related to that case.
CBSE Class 10 Science Case Study Question Format
According to the CBSE Class 10 Science Paper Design 2026, the paper includes:
- 3-4 Case study-based questions, carrying 4 marks each.
- In all three Sections- A, B and C.
- Each case has 3-4 descriptive questions of 2 or 1 mark with one internal choice.
These questions require students to understand the given case, extract relevant information, and solve accordingly.
Also Check,
| CBSE Class 10 Maths Exam Pattern 2025; Check Latest Paper Format and Marking Scheme |
| CBSE Class 10 Maths Syllabus 2025-26 Released; Check Latest Unit-wise Weightage, Download PDF |
Chapters for Class 10 Science Case Study Questions
CBSE tends to pick case-based questions from chapters that lend themselves to real-world applications. Chapters from Which Class 10 Case Study Questions that are commonly asked are listed below:
- Chemical Reactions and Equations: Redox, types of reactions, corrosion
- Life processes: Respiration, photosynthesis, digestion
- Electricity: Ohm’s Law, circuits, resistance
- Magnetic Effects of Electric Current: Fleming’s rules, Direct current. Alternating current
- Our Environment: Eco-system, waste production
Importance of Case Study Questions in Class 10 Science Paper
Case study questions in Class 10 Science are an important part of the CBSE Board Exam. They are designed to test not just theoretical knowledge but also the ability to apply concepts to real-life situations. These questions push students to think critically, analyse data, and develop problem-solving skills rather than simply memorising formulas. By practising case study questions, students gain a deeper understanding of Science concepts and significantly boost their marks in the Board Exam. They also help reduce exam fear because students learn how to approach different types of problems with confidence.
- Encourages students to apply theoretical concepts to practical and real-life scenarios.
- Improves the ability to analyse data, graphs, and case-based situations logically.
- Enhances skills needed to solve multi-concept and integrated questions.
- Help students understand the utility of Science in daily life
- Helps students understand concepts deeply instead of rote learning.
Tips to Solve Science Case Study Questions Effectively
To solve Science case study questions effectively, first read the question carefully and understand the real-life situation given. Identify the Science concepts or formulas needed to solve it. Break the problem into small parts and solve it step by step. Practice similar questions regularly to improve speed and accuracy. Here are some expert tips for solving Class 10th Science Case Study Questions effectively:
1. Read the Case Carefully: Take time to understand the situation, data, and what exactly is being asked before attempting.
2. Identify the Chapter and Concept: Match the scenario with the Science chapter or topic it belongs to.
3. Break Down the Problem: Treat each sub-question individually. Don’t get overwhelmed by the case’s length; they are often easier than they look!
4. Draw Diagrams or Sketches: Sketching a simple diagram can make the problem clearer and help you visualise the concept.
5. Use Formulas Appropriately: Pick the correct formula and substitute values carefully to avoid calculation mistakes.
6. Check Units and Conversions: Make sure all measurements are in the same unit system before solving.
7. Write Clear, Short Answers: Keep your explanation simple and to the point to save time.
8. Practice from Sample Papers and Past Year Papers: Use the CBSE Sample Paper 2025 and previous years’ board papers to practice similar case-based questions.
CBSE Class 10 Science Case Study Question
Let’s look at an example to understand how these questions appear:
Case No.1: In early October 2021, a sudden, major energy crisis shocked India. Coal producers, distribution companies, state governments, the Union coal and power ministry and the Prime Minister’s Office were consumed by the crisis alike. This type of energy crisis will become very common in the future. This is high time we start saving energy. The electrical energy used can be decreased either by lowering the duration of consumption or by reducing the power consumption of that appliance or fixture. This will not only decrease the cost but will also result in a reduced impact on the environment. The power of an electric device determines its energy consumption per unit time. Watt is the SI unit of power. About 20% of the household power consumption is due to lightning (electric bulbs, tube lights, fancy lights, etc.), while for the commercial establishments, the power consumption due to lightning is close to 40%. LEDs use much less energy than incandescent bulbs because diode light is much more efficient, power-wise, than filament light. LED bulbs use more than 75% less energy than incandescent lighting. At low power levels, the difference is even larger. Bright LED flood lamps use only 11 to 12 watts while creating a light output comparable to a 50-watt incandescent bulb.
Based on the above information, answer the following question:
(a) What is the SI unit of electrical energy?
(b) Define one watt.
Attempt either subpart (c) or (d).
(c) A bright LED flood lamp uses 12 watts. How much energy it consumes in 5 s?
OR
(d) An electrical appliance is connected to a 110 V supply source. The 2 A current passes through it. What is the power of the appliance?
Answer: (a) The SI unit of electrical energy is joule (J).
(b) One watt is the power consumed by a device that carries 1 A of current
when operated at a potential difference of 1 V.
P = VI
When, V = 1 V and I = 1 A
P = 1 watt
(c) 60 J
(d) The power of the appliance is 220 W.
Case No.2: When two pairs of contrasting characters are involved in a cross, it is called a dihybrid cross. Mendel crossed a plant with yellow, round seeds with a plant with green, wrinkled seeds. All the plants in the F1 generation have yellow, round seeds. When these plants were self-pollinated, the F2 generation possessed four phenotypically different offspring.
Based on the above information, answer the following question:
(a) If a cross is made between a yellow, round-seeded plant (YyRr) with a yellow, wrinkled-seeded plant (Yyrr). What is the probability of getting a green, wrinkled-seeded plant?
(b) How many types of gametes can be produced by YyRr?
(c) What is the phenotypic ratio of a Mendelian dihybrid cross?
(d) Which law was derived from the dihybrid cross of Mendel?
Answer: (a) The probability of getting a green, wrinkled-seeded plant (yyrr) is 1/8.
(b) Four types of gametes (YR, Yr, yR and yr) will be produced.
(c) The phenotypic ratio of a Mendelian dihybrid cross is 9:3:3:1.
(d) The law of independent assortment was derived from the dihybrid cross of Mendel.
Q.No.3: Mendeleev arranged the 63 elements known at that time in order of their ascending atomic masses and prepared a periodic table. Mendeleev's periodic table contained vertical columns called 'groups' and horizontal rows called 'periods': Elements with similar properties were placed in the same groups. The basis of Mendeleev's classification is his periodic law which states that 'the physical and chemical properties of elements are periodic functions of their atomic masses'.
Based on the above information, answer the following question:
(a) Write the main difference between Mendeleev's and Modern Periodic Law.
(b) Why was the position of hydrogen not fixed in Mendeleev's Periodic Table?
(c) Why did Mendeleev leave some gaps in his Periodic Table?
(d) Why is atomic number considered to be a more appropriate parameter than atomic mass for the classification of elements in a Periodic Table?
Answer: (a) Mendeleev's Periodic Law depends on the atomic mass of an element, while the Modern Periodic Law depends on the atomic number of an element.
(b) Hydrogen was not given a fixed position. It was considered in group IA as well as in group VIIA because it shows the characteristics of alkali metals as well as halogens.
(c) Mendeleev left some gaps in his Periodic Table to make sure that elements with similar properties lie in the same group. These gaps were left for subsequent inclusion of the elements not known at that time. These elements were discovered later.
(d) The chemical and physical properties of elements depend upon atomic number which is the number of electrons. Therefore, the atomic number is considered to be a more appropriate parameter for the classification of elements.
CBSE Class 10 Science Case Study Question PDF [Free]
Click on the link provided below to download the CBSE Class 10 Science Case Study Question PDF with answers for free without any login. Get the direct link to download the PDF.
| CBSE Class 10 Science Case Study Question PDF | Download here |
| CBSE Class 10 Science Case Study Question- Answer PDF | Download here |
Common Mistakes to Avoid In Science Case Study Questions
- Skipping the passage: Students often directly jump to the question without understanding the context.
- Misinterpreting the case: Especially in word problems involving diagrams or figures.
- Not revising key formulas: Weak formula recall can ruin your answer.
- Lack of practice: These questions are relatively new, and many students aren’t used to them yet.
CBSE Class 10 Science Syllabus 2025-26
The Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) has released the Science Syllabus for Class 10 for the 2025-26 academic year. This Science Syllabus outlines the course structure, chapters, and topics that students will need to study in the subject. The CBSE Class 10 Science syllabus covers a wide range of topics, including Number Systems, Algebra, Coordinate Geometry, Geometry, Trigonometry, Mensuration and Statistics & Probability. It is divided into units with specific weightage, helping students plan their preparation effectively. The Class 10th Science unite-wise chapters and weightage are provided below :
| Unit Name | Chapter Name | Weightage in Marks |
|
Chemical Substances-Nature and Behaviour |
Chemical Reactions and Equations |
25 |
| Acids, Bases and Salts | ||
| Metals and Non-metals | ||
| Carbon and its Compounds | ||
|
World of Living |
Life processes |
25 |
| Control and co-ordination in animals and plants | ||
| Reproduction | ||
| Heredity and Evolution | ||
| Natural Phenomena | Natural Phenomena | 12 |
|
Effects of Current |
Effects of Current |
13 |
| Magnetic effects of current | ||
| Natural Resources | Our environment | 5 |
Check the latest and detailed CBSE Class 10 Science Syllabus 2025-26; Check Latest Unit-wise Weightage, Download PDF.
CBSE Class 10 Science Exam Pattern 2025-26
CBSE has released the exam pattern and marking scheme for the 2025-26 academic year. Based on the official question paper design shared along with the syllabus, the board will follow the same exam pattern and marking scheme as in 2024-25. The CBSE Class 12 Science board exam for 2025–26 consists of a theory paper of 80 marks and the remaining 20 marks for the practical exam. The question paper will be divided into three sections- Section A (Biology), Section B (Chemistry) and Section C (Physics):
| Section | Question Type | Number of Questions | Marks |
| A |
|
16 | 30 |
| B |
|
13 | 25 |
| C |
|
10 | 25 |
| Total | 39 | 80 | |
Check the latest and detailed CBSE Class 10th Science Exam Pattern 2025-26 with Marking Scheme.